Flaxton, North Dakota Pollution

PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual))iHealth riskFine inhalable particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller. They travel deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream — linked to asthma, heart disease, stroke, and premature death.

6.78 µg/m³ · -37% YoY · +16% since 2010

PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual)) concentrations are up 16% since 2010.

PM2.5 24-hour 98th percentile (NAAQS 35 µg/m³ (24-hour))iHealth riskFine inhalable particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller. They travel deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream — linked to asthma, heart disease, stroke, and premature death.

37.40 µg/m³ · -21% YoY · +210% since 2010

PM2.5 24-hour 98th percentile (NAAQS 35 µg/m³ (24-hour)) concentrations have more than doubled since 2010.

Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max (NAAQS 0.070 ppm (8-hour))iHealth riskGround-level ozone (smog) forms when vehicle and industrial emissions react in sunlight. Inflames the airways, triggers asthma attacks, and worsens heart and lung disease.

0.056 ppm · -22% YoY · -7% since 2011

Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max (NAAQS 0.070 ppm (8-hour)) concentrations are roughly unchanged from 2011.

NO₂ annual mean (NAAQS 53 ppb (annual))iHealth riskA tailpipe and combustion gas. Concentrates near busy roads and industrial sites; raises risk of airway inflammation, asthma, and lower respiratory infections in children.

1.7 ppb · -28% YoY · -42% since 2010

NO₂ annual mean (NAAQS 53 ppb (annual)) concentrations have fallen 42% since 2010.

Lifetime cancer risk all pollutants (100 in a million (EPA elevated threshold))iHealth riskEPA-modeled added cancer cases per million residents from a lifetime of breathing local air toxics. EPA flags 100-in-a-million as elevated.

20.0 per million · 2020 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

Formaldehyde ambient mean (0.077 µg/m³ (1-in-a-million URE))iHealth riskAn air toxic emitted by refineries, wood products, and combustion. EPA classifies it as a known human carcinogen — long-term inhalation raises cancer risk.

1.03 µg/m³ · 2020 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

Benzene ambient mean (0.13 µg/m³ (1-in-a-million URE))iHealth riskAn air toxic from gasoline, refineries, and tobacco smoke. A known human carcinogen — chronic exposure is linked to leukemia and other blood cancers.

0.16 µg/m³ · 2020 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

TRI air releases (5.1 fugitive + 5.2 stack)iHealth riskToxic chemicals reported by industrial facilities as released into the air — fugitive leaks plus smokestack emissions. Higher pounds means more inhaled exposure for nearby residents.

0 lb · 2024 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

TRI water releases (5.3)iHealth riskToxic chemicals reported by industrial facilities as discharged to surface waters (rivers, lakes, the ocean). Affects fishing, recreation, and downstream drinking-water intakes.

0 lb · 2024 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

TRI land + off-site releasesiHealth riskToxic chemicals released to land on-site or transferred off-site for disposal — landfills, deep-well injection, and similar. Risks groundwater contamination over time.

0 lb · 2024 vintage

Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.

Greenhouse gases (GHGRP large emitters, through 2023)iHealth riskGreenhouse gases reported by large industrial emitters under EPA's GHGRP, in metric tons of CO₂ equivalent. Drives climate warming and the heat-related health effects that follow.

0.2M metric tons CO₂e · +47% YoY · +107% since 2011

Greenhouse gases (GHGRP large emitters, through 2023) concentrations have more than doubled since 2011.

Utilities serving

Population served

Health-based · 5yr

Unresolved