Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max
Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max in Bexar County reached 0.073 ppm in 2024, 4% above the EPA NAAQS of 0.07 ppm.
County · TRI 2024
Bexar County, Texas Pollution
10 top TRI facilities tracked here. PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual)) rose meaningfully year over year (+18%). PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual)) concentrations are roughly unchanged from 2010.
FIPS 48029 · population 2,014,059
Anomaly engine
Notable Signals
PM2.5 annual mean
PM2.5 annual mean in Bexar County reached 9.2 µg/m³ in 2024, 2% above the EPA NAAQS of 9 µg/m³.
Total TRI releases
Total TRI releases at Bexar County have more than halved since 2010 (through 2024).
Top facilities mapped
Where Chemicals Are Released In Bexar County
Each red dot is one of the top TRI facilities. Size reflects 2024 total releases. County boundary outlined in blue.
Pollutant pathways
Bexar County Pollutant Multi-Year Trends
PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual))Health riskFine inhalable particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller. They travel deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream — linked to asthma, heart disease, stroke, and premature death.
PM2.5 annual mean (NAAQS 9 µg/m³ (annual)) concentrations are roughly unchanged from 2010.
PM2.5 24-hour 98th percentile (NAAQS 35 µg/m³ (24-hour))Health riskFine inhalable particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller. They travel deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream — linked to asthma, heart disease, stroke, and premature death.
PM2.5 24-hour 98th percentile (NAAQS 35 µg/m³ (24-hour)) concentrations are up 27% since 2010.
Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max (NAAQS 0.070 ppm (8-hour))Health riskGround-level ozone (smog) forms when vehicle and industrial emissions react in sunlight. Inflames the airways, triggers asthma attacks, and worsens heart and lung disease.
Ozone 8-hour 4th-highest daily max (NAAQS 0.070 ppm (8-hour)) concentrations are roughly unchanged from 2010.
NO₂ annual mean (NAAQS 53 ppb (annual))Health riskA tailpipe and combustion gas. Concentrates near busy roads and industrial sites; raises risk of airway inflammation, asthma, and lower respiratory infections in children.
NO₂ annual mean (NAAQS 53 ppb (annual)) concentrations have fallen 43% since 2010.
Formaldehyde ambient mean (0.077 µg/m³ (1-in-a-million URE))Health riskAn air toxic emitted by refineries, wood products, and combustion. EPA classifies it as a known human carcinogen — long-term inhalation raises cancer risk.
Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.
Benzene ambient mean (0.13 µg/m³ (1-in-a-million URE))Health riskAn air toxic from gasoline, refineries, and tobacco smoke. A known human carcinogen — chronic exposure is linked to leukemia and other blood cancers.
Single-vintage exposure modeling — EPA cadence is multi-year, so no trend line yet.
TRI air releases (5.1 fugitive + 5.2 stack)Health riskToxic chemicals reported by industrial facilities as released into the air — fugitive leaks plus smokestack emissions. Higher pounds means more inhaled exposure for nearby residents.
TRI air releases (5.1 fugitive + 5.2 stack) concentrations have more than halved since 2010.
TRI water releases (5.3)Health riskToxic chemicals reported by industrial facilities as discharged to surface waters (rivers, lakes, the ocean). Affects fishing, recreation, and downstream drinking-water intakes.
TRI water releases (5.3) concentrations have more than doubled since 2010.
TRI land + off-site releasesHealth riskToxic chemicals released to land on-site or transferred off-site for disposal — landfills, deep-well injection, and similar. Risks groundwater contamination over time.
TRI land + off-site releases concentrations have more than halved since 2010.
Greenhouse gases (GHGRP large emitters, through 2023)Health riskGreenhouse gases reported by large industrial emitters under EPA's GHGRP, in metric tons of CO₂ equivalent. Drives climate warming and the heat-related health effects that follow.
Greenhouse gases (GHGRP large emitters, through 2023) concentrations have more than doubled since 2010.
Top facilities · 2024
Where The Chemical Releases Are Concentrated
| Facility | City | Top chemical | Total releases | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calaveras Power Station | San Antonio | Barium And Barium CompoundsHealth riskSoluble barium compounds are toxic if ingested, affecting the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. Insoluble forms (e.g. barium sulfate) are far less toxic. (EPA) | 681k lb | +107% |
| Toyota Motor Manufacturing TexasToyota Motor North America INC | San Antonio | Diisononyl Phthalates (DINP) | 116k lb | +83% |
| Towerjazz Texas | San Antonio | Certain glycol ethersHealth riskReproductive toxicants; some cause testicular damage and developmental harm. (EPA) | 66k lb | -8% |
| Azz Galvanizing - San AntonioAzz INC | San Antonio | Zinc compoundsHealth riskGenerally low acute toxicity. Chronic high-dose exposure disrupts copper absorption and immune function. (ATSDR) | 49k lb | -17% |
| Vp Racing Fuels INC.Vp Racing Fuels INC | Elmendorf | Isoprene | 48k lb | +41% |
| Capitol Aggregates INC.Zachry Construction & Materials INC | San Antonio | FormaldehydeHealth riskIARC Group 1 carcinogen. Linked to nasopharyngeal cancer; irritates the eyes, nose, and respiratory tract at low concentrations. (IARC, EPA) | 29k lb | +1222% |
| The San Antonio Refinery LLCAllegiance Refining LLC | San Antonio | TolueneHealth riskCentral-nervous-system depressant. Chronic high exposure causes hearing loss and developmental effects. (EPA, ATSDR) | 28k lb | -9% |
| US Dod Usaf Lackland Afb RangeUS Department Of Defense | Lackland Afb | LeadHealth riskNeurotoxin. Even low childhood exposure impairs cognitive development; chronic adult exposure damages kidneys and the cardiovascular system. (EPA, ATSDR) | 27k lb | +732% |
| US Dod Usaf Lackland AfbUS Department Of Defense | Lackland Afb | Lead And Lead CompoundsHealth riskNeurotoxin. Even low childhood exposure impairs cognitive development; chronic adult exposure damages kidneys and the cardiovascular system. (EPA, ATSDR) | 23k lb | +3719% |
| Toyoda Gosei TexasToyoda Gosei North America | San Antonio | Certain glycol ethersHealth riskReproductive toxicants; some cause testicular damage and developmental harm. (EPA) | 13k lb | +124% |
Superfund / NPL sites
Federal Cleanup Sites In Bexar County
Sites on EPA's Superfund National Priorities List, plus deleted sites whose cleanup objectives EPA has finalized. Federal-facility sites (defense, DOE, etc.) are flagged separately. Each link routes to a per-site page.
| Site | City | Status | Federal facility | Primary contaminant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bandera Road Ground Water Plume | Leon Valley | NPL FINAL | No | 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane |
| Eldorado Chemical Co., Inc. | Live Oak | NPL FINAL | No | — |
| R & H Oil/Tropicana Energy | San Antonio | PROPOSED | No | — |
| River City Metal Finishing | San Antonio | DELETED | No | — |
Equity context · ACS 2018-2022 · USEPA-clone EJ disparity
Who Lives In Bexar County
All block groups in Bexar County County, TX: 2,014,059 residents. County disparity score for pm2.5 (fine particulate) sits moderately above the reference (135). Why we surface this →
15.2%
Low-income
73.9%
People of color
6.8%
Under age 5
12.3%
Over age 64
- PM2.5 (fine particulate)Health riskFine inhalable particles 2.5 micrometers or smaller. They travel deep into the lungs and into the bloodstream — linked to asthma, heart disease, stroke, and premature death.66above the national median
- OzoneHealth riskGround-level ozone (smog) inflames the airways. Even short exposures trigger asthma attacks and worsen chronic lung and heart disease.76above the national median
- Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)Health riskA tailpipe and combustion gas. Concentrates near busy roads and industrial sites; raises risk of airway inflammation, asthma, and lower respiratory infections in children.72above the national median
- Diesel particulateHealth riskSoot from diesel engines (trucks, trains, ports, construction). EPA classifies it as a likely human carcinogen and a major driver of childhood asthma near freight corridors.52near the national median
- Toxic releases (RSEI)Health riskEPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators score — weights TRI chemical releases by toxicity, where they go, and how many people are nearby. Higher means greater modeled cancer and chronic-health risk.24below the national median
- Traffic proximityHealth riskPopulation-weighted distance to high-volume roads. Living close to heavy traffic raises exposure to PM2.5, NO₂, and diesel exhaust — and the cardiovascular and asthma risks that follow.61above the national median
- Lead-paint risk (pre-1960 housing)Health riskShare of housing built before 1960, when lead-based paint was common. Dust from deteriorating paint is the leading cause of childhood lead poisoning, which permanently impairs cognitive development.51near the national median
- Superfund site proximityHealth riskPopulation-weighted distance to NPL Superfund sites — the most contaminated waste sites in the country. Nearby groundwater, soil, and air can carry industrial solvents, metals, and other long-lived contaminants.68above the national median
- RMP-facility proximityHealth riskDistance to facilities holding chemicals at quantities large enough to require an EPA Risk Management Plan (refineries, fertilizer plants, etc.). These pose acute exposure risk during accidental releases.71above the national median
- Hazardous-waste site proximityHealth riskDistance to RCRA hazardous-waste handlers (treatment, storage, disposal facilities). Indicates potential exposure to industrial chemicals in air, soil, and groundwater.60near the national median
- Underground storage tanksHealth riskDensity of underground tanks (gasoline, heating oil, industrial fluids). Leaking tanks are a leading source of benzene and other volatile organic compounds in groundwater drinking-water supplies.67above the national median
- NPDES wastewater proximityHealth riskDistance to permitted industrial wastewater dischargers. Closer proximity raises exposure to pollutants released into surface waters used for fishing, recreation, and downstream drinking-water intakes.81in the highest 20% nationally
- Drinking-water non-complianceHealth riskEPA score for public water systems with health-based Safe Drinking Water Act violations. Higher means more residents on systems that recently exceeded safe limits for contaminants like lead, arsenic, or nitrate.78above the national median
| Indicator | Disparity score | Reading |
|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (fine particulate) | 135 | moderately above the reference |
| Ozone | 122 | moderately above the reference |
| Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) | 141 | moderately above the reference |
| Diesel particulate | 105 | near the reference |
| Toxic releases (RSEI) | 48 | well below the reference |
| Traffic proximity | 116 | moderately above the reference |
| Lead-paint risk (pre-1960 housing) | 67 | below the reference |
| Superfund site proximity | 103 | near the reference |
| RMP-facility proximity | 109 | near the reference |
| Hazardous-waste site proximity | 115 | moderately above the reference |
| Underground storage tanks | 116 | moderately above the reference |
| NPDES wastewater proximity | 84 | below the reference |
| Drinking-water non-compliance | 8 | well below the reference |
Source: Census ACS 2018-2022 (5-year) + USEPA-clone EJ blockgroup stats (raw indicators + EJ disparity mirror).
Health context
Co-Located Health Indicators
Modeled adult-prevalence estimates published by CDC PLACES, paired with this county's pollution and demographic context. Comparisons are ecological, not causal — pollution and disease prevalence covary at the area level, but the data does not attribute any individual's diagnosis to local exposure. How this section works →
Adult asthma (current)
9.0%
CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023
COPD prevalence
5.1%
CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023
Coronary heart disease
5.4%
CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023
Diabetes (diagnosed)
13.9%
CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023
Frequent mental distress
16.7%
CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023
PLACES uses BRFSS-modeled small-area estimates, not individual records. Crude prevalence shown above is the local rate as published; comparators are age-adjusted vs the Texas mean and the US mean — both population-weighted across counties — so geographies with different age structures stay apples-to-apples. Sources: CDC PLACES · 2025 release · BRFSS 2022-2023.
Browse
All 13 Bexar County Cities With TRI Data
Pollution trends and TRI 2024 pages for every tracked city in this county. Alphabetical.
- Converse pollution· 1 facility
- Elmendorf pollution· 0 facilities
- Fair Oaks Ranch pollution· 0 facilities
- Helotes pollution· 0 facilities
- Kirby pollution· 0 facilities
- Lackland AFB pollution· 2 facilities
- Leon Valley pollution· 0 facilities
- Live Oak pollution· 0 facilities
- Randolph AFB pollution· 1 facility
- San Antonio pollution· 41 facilities
- Shavano Park pollution· 0 facilities
- Universal City pollution· 0 facilities
- Windcrest pollution· 0 facilities
Sources.
- EPA Toxics Release Inventory · retrieved 2026-05-07.
All sources are federal public-domain datasets under 17 USC §105. We aggregate but do not relabel; the underlying observations remain attributable to EPA.